Housing Policy
Suffering long time from the wars the Lao PDR started
developing its country from two empty hands, it is difficult
for the Lao government to give everybody the chance
of good home. Nevertheless, the Lao government has
done so far the best as possible to give assistance to its
people to have adequate houses, of course government
staff should have priorities.
When the country started to be moved towards a
market economy, the government allowed people to run
their own business. Consequently, many private
businesses were opened. As an example, 34 private design
and 240 private construction companies were founded by
the year 1998 through out the country. New private
houses have been built everywhere.
Sengthong Vangkeomany
4
After the sudden increase in construction of private
buildings, it seemed that urban areas were disorganised
without master plan. Therefore, the government had to
urge in having master plan designed beginning with the
Vientiane prefecture and then major provincial towns.
Now, the design of master plan for some major and
secondary towns is in process. Certainly, infrastructure
such as water supply, electricity, roads, sewage drainage
systems will be provided in these towns and cities once
the Lao government can meet adequate fund whether it is
local or international.
A lot of very old houses in Vientiane, Luang Prabang
were made of thick bearing brick walls with lime plaster,
tile roof under the French colonialist time. In the master
plan, the government has instructed to keep some
concrete areas in the city for old cultural conservation.
Therefore, people cannot renovate, rebuild or purchase
their houses in this area. In the point of view of history
and architecture, in 1995 Luang Prabang City, the former
Capital of Laos (the Kingdom of Lane Xang) has been
included in the World Heritage list of the UNESCO.
The government has released some national budget to
build more houses for high position staff and military
families. The people who live in state houses do not pay
rent, for maintenance, but they just pay for electricity and
water supply bills.
In order to alleviate more and more burdens on housing
to people, especially to official staff, the government is
now in process of analysing the possibility to transfer all
existing state houses, certainly to people who is living in
by selling to them. Even though these people can not pay
at once, the government will receive a certain sum of
money for other purposes and don’t have to pay any more
for maintenance. In contrast, the becoming landlords have
to do it by themselves and then automatically they have to
take them more care since they are owners.
The Lao government has been now seeking for
investors to design and build houses then sell with credit
to remaining official staff and military families, certainly
approved by the government and ranking from highest
position in the point of view of revolutionary and
governmental services.
Actually, so far, foreign construction investments
generally are aiming to hotels, supermarkets, factories,
and etc. Most of theses building are designed by the
foreign design offices.
However, the Government has not yet formulated a
concrete housing policy. A National Shelter Strategy
Outline was formulated in early 1991, but this did not
result in specific actions, regulations, or budgets. Most of
the recommendations in the Strategy concern land use and
accessibility, rural and urban infrastructure, and building
materials. The Strategy quoted a backlog in Vientiane
Prefecture of 3,500 urban and 6,400 rural homes in 1988.
Although the Government has been facilitating the
construction of new dwellings since that time, inward
migratory trends have continued, and it is considered that
the backlog is unlikely to have changed significantly.
There are no effective rules and regulations controlling
house construction. Both in urban and rural areas
construction is spontaneous and without control.
Furthermore, there is no formal mortgage market for
private or commercial housing finance. In the absence of
a clear and unambiguous register of titles, a mortgage
market cannot easily be developed. The banking sector,
however, has been providing short-term lending to the
limited urban property market, with annual interest rates
exceeding 20 %. It is expected that this limited activity is
likely to slow down as a result of the downtime in the
economy of Thailand, and its consequent impact on the
Lao PDR. An unregulated rental market exists in
Vientiane and the major secondary towns.
นโยบายที่อยู่อาศัยทุกข์ทรมานนานจากสงครามลาวเริ่มต้นพัฒนาของประเทศจากสองมือเปล่า มันเป็นเรื่องยากรัฐบาลลาวจะให้โอกาสทุกคนของบ้านดี อย่างไรก็ตาม รัฐบาลลาวได้ทำดีสุดเพื่อให้ห่างไกลเป็นไปได้ให้ความช่วยเหลือของคนให้พอบ้าน แน่นอนรัฐบาลพนักงานควรมีลำดับความสำคัญเมื่อประเทศเริ่มที่จะย้ายไปตลาดเศรษฐกิจ รัฐบาลอนุญาตให้คนทำงานธุรกิจของตนเอง ดังนั้น ในตัวเปิดธุรกิจ เป็นตัวอย่าง การออกแบบส่วนตัว 34และบริษัทก่อสร้างเอกชน 240 ได้ก่อตั้งขึ้นโดยปี 1998 ทางออกประเทศ ส่วนตัวใหม่บ้านได้ถูกสร้างขึ้นทุก Sengthong Vangkeomany4หลังจากเพิ่มขึ้นอย่างฉับพลันในการก่อสร้างของส่วนตัวอาคาร มันดูเหมือนว่า พื้นที่เมืองถูก disorganisedไม่ มีแผนหลัก ดังนั้น รัฐบาลได้กระตุ้นในมีแผนผังการออกแบบเริ่มต้นด้วยการนครหลวงเวียงจันทน์และเมืองหลักแล้วจังหวัดตอนนี้ การออกแบบของแผนหลักสำหรับบางวิชา และเมืองรองอยู่ระหว่างดำเนินการ แน่นอน โครงสร้างพื้นฐานน้ำประปา ไฟฟ้า ถนน ระบายน้ำเสียระบบจะมีให้ในเมืองและเมืองเหล่านี้เพียงครั้งเดียวรัฐบาลลาวสามารถพบกองทุนเพียงพอไม่ว่าจะเป็นท้องถิ่น หรือนานาชาติเวียงจันทน์ หลวงพระบางบ้านเก่ามากมากทำปืนหนาผนังอิฐกับปูนฉาบกระเบื้องหลังคาภายใต้เวลา colonialist ฝรั่งเศส ในหลักการplan, the government has instructed to keep someconcrete areas in the city for old cultural conservation.Therefore, people cannot renovate, rebuild or purchasetheir houses in this area. In the point of view of historyand architecture, in 1995 Luang Prabang City, the formerCapital of Laos (the Kingdom of Lane Xang) has beenincluded in the World Heritage list of the UNESCO.The government has released some national budget tobuild more houses for high position staff and militaryfamilies. The people who live in state houses do not payrent, for maintenance, but they just pay for electricity andwater supply bills.In order to alleviate more and more burdens on housingto people, especially to official staff, the government isnow in process of analysing the possibility to transfer allexisting state houses, certainly to people who is living inby selling to them. Even though these people can not payat once, the government will receive a certain sum ofmoney for other purposes and don’t have to pay any morefor maintenance. In contrast, the becoming landlords haveto do it by themselves and then automatically they have totake them more care since they are owners.The Lao government has been now seeking forinvestors to design and build houses then sell with creditto remaining official staff and military families, certainlyapproved by the government and ranking from highestposition in the point of view of revolutionary andgovernmental services.
Actually, so far, foreign construction investments
generally are aiming to hotels, supermarkets, factories,
and etc. Most of theses building are designed by the
foreign design offices.
However, the Government has not yet formulated a
concrete housing policy. A National Shelter Strategy
Outline was formulated in early 1991, but this did not
result in specific actions, regulations, or budgets. Most of
the recommendations in the Strategy concern land use and
accessibility, rural and urban infrastructure, and building
materials. The Strategy quoted a backlog in Vientiane
Prefecture of 3,500 urban and 6,400 rural homes in 1988.
Although the Government has been facilitating the
construction of new dwellings since that time, inward
migratory trends have continued, and it is considered that
the backlog is unlikely to have changed significantly.
There are no effective rules and regulations controlling
house construction. Both in urban and rural areas
construction is spontaneous and without control.
Furthermore, there is no formal mortgage market for
private or commercial housing finance. In the absence of
a clear and unambiguous register of titles, a mortgage
market cannot easily be developed. The banking sector,
however, has been providing short-term lending to the
limited urban property market, with annual interest rates
exceeding 20 %. It is expected that this limited activity is
likely to slow down as a result of the downtime in the
economy of Thailand, and its consequent impact on the
Lao PDR. An unregulated rental market exists in
Vientiane and the major secondary towns.
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