Learning has been implicated in signaling for many vertebrates (Hanlon and Messenger). In fact, “dynamic mimicry has the unique advantage that it can be employed facultative, with the octopus adopting a form best suited to the perceived threat at any given time” [9]. This is one distinct advantage of the ability to mimic more than one model, and the cephalopod seems to learn the most adaptive form to assume and flexibly apply that knowledge to the given situation. Thus, “the effect of a potetial predator on body pattern expression during hunting suggests it may be possible to use these changes as a sensitive indicator of ecologically relevant learning