Technology Discipline: Students are taken into a computer laboratory to watch “Acids and Bases” animation,
which can be found on Morpa Kampus web page (http://www.morpakampüs.com).
4. Elaboration Phase:In this phase, students use their new knowledge in a different situation such as
extending conceptual understanding, practicing desired skills, and reaching to meaningful understanding by using
following disciplines:
Mathematic Discipline: Study questions about pH calculations are given to students and all of them are asked to
draw graphics about pH levels of some acidic and basic matters.
Technology Discipline: Students are asked to create a slowmation and a computer-based simulation about acid
rain cycles using a guide prepared by the researchers.
Engineering Discipline: Students work in groups in the laboratory. They use their newly acquired knowledge to
design a hand-made ph metre and conduct a project to protect objects and living organisms from the effects of acid
rains.
5. Evaluation phase: After the implementation, an achievement test that assesses the students’ learning
outcomes is applied to the learners in a 40-minute class session.
2.2.Data Collection Tool
A-10 item open-ended question survey was used in this research. At the beginning of the study the survey was
completed by the students. It was used to determine their prior knowledge about acids and bases. At the end of the
study, the survey was re-administered after the teaching intervention to the students. The test includes questions
about the definition of acids and bases, the characteristics of acids and bases, strong and weak acids and bases, pH
and pOH concepts, neutralization reactions and acid rains. A rubric was prepared to evaluate the result of each openended
question. Each question was evaluated using a scale of 0-3 (0=completely wrong or unanswered, 1=mixture
of correct and incorrect information given, 2= correct but incomplete, 3= completely correct). Two authors coded
students’ responses to these ten questions independently and the percentage of codes having a kappa of 0.84 ranged
from 41,2 % to 100 % depending on the question.
2.3.Data Analysis
The quantitative data was analyzed with descriptive statistics including means, standard deviations, and
Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test for Paired Samples non-parametric using the SPSS 20.00 program at the significant
level of .05.