P. expansum strain used in this study was isolated from naturally
infected jujube fruit. The pathogen was cultured routinely on PDA
plates for 14 days at 25 C. Fungal spores (2-weeks-old) were harvested
by flooding the surface of the culture with sterile distilled
water, then filtered through four layers of sterile cheesecloth and
adjusted to a concentration of 5 103 spores per milliliter. Fruit
were punctured at the equatorialline (a wound per fruit) by a sterile
nail and inoculated with 10 mL of a spore suspension of P. expansum
at 5 103 spores mL1 in each wound site.