methane, neopentane, or carbon tetrachloride. In most cases, the angles deviate a little from the pure tetrahedral value. For example, the CCBr angle in 2-bromopropane is 114.2.78 Similarly, slight variations are generally found from the ideal values of 120 and 180 for sp2 and sp carbon, respectively. These deviations occur because of slightly different hybridizations, that is, a carbon bonded to four other atoms hybridizes one s and three p orbitals, but the four hybrid orbitals thus formed are generally not exactly equivalent, nor does each contain exactly 25% s and 75% p character. Because the four atoms have (in the most general case) different electronegativities, each makes its own demand for electrons from the carbon atom.79 The carbon atom supplies more p character when it is bonded to more electronegative atoms, so that in chloromethane, for example, the bond to chlorine has somewhat more than 75% p character, which of course requires that the other three bonds have somewhat less, since there are only three p orbitals (and one s) to be divided among the four hybrid orbitals.80 Of course, in strained molecules, the bond angles may be greatly distorted from the ideal values (see p. 216).
methane, neopentane, or carbon tetrachloride. In most cases, the angles deviate a little from the pure tetrahedral value. For example, the CCBr angle in 2-bromopropane is 114.2.78 Similarly, slight variations are generally found from the ideal values of 120 and 180 for sp2 and sp carbon, respectively. These deviations occur because of slightly different hybridizations, that is, a carbon bonded to four other atoms hybridizes one s and three p orbitals, but the four hybrid orbitals thus formed are generally not exactly equivalent, nor does each contain exactly 25% s and 75% p character. Because the four atoms have (in the most general case) different electronegativities, each makes its own demand for electrons from the carbon atom.79 The carbon atom supplies more p character when it is bonded to more electronegative atoms, so that in chloromethane, for example, the bond to chlorine has somewhat more than 75% p character, which of course requires that the other three bonds have somewhat less, since there are only three p orbitals (and one s) to be divided among the four hybrid orbitals.80 Of course, in strained molecules, the bond angles may be greatly distorted from the ideal values (see p. 216).
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methane, neopentane, or carbon tetrachloride. In most cases, the angles deviate a little from the pure tetrahedral value. For example, the CCBr angle in 2-bromopropane is 114.2.78 Similarly, slight variations are generally found from the ideal values of 120 and 180 for sp2 and sp carbon, respectively. These deviations occur because of slightly different hybridizations, that is, a carbon bonded to four other atoms hybridizes one s and three p orbitals, but the four hybrid orbitals thus formed are generally not exactly equivalent, nor does each contain exactly 25% s and 75% p character. Because the four atoms have (in the most general case) different electronegativities, each makes its own demand for electrons from the carbon atom.79 The carbon atom supplies more p character when it is bonded to more electronegative atoms, so that in chloromethane, for example, the bond to chlorine has somewhat more than 75% p character, which of course requires that the other three bonds have somewhat less, since there are only three p orbitals (and one s) to be divided among the four hybrid orbitals.80 Of course, in strained molecules, the bond angles may be greatly distorted from the ideal values (see p. 216).
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