Stroke is the third most common cause of death worldwide and the major cause of adult neurological disability. It can be caused by a number of different disorders and results in temporary or permanent disruption of blood supply to the brain. Approximately 80% of stroke cases are due to primary cerebral ischemia resulting in infarction, whilst 20% are attributed to cerebral hemorrhage (Markus, 2012).
When blood flow to the brain is interrupted, cells undergo a series of molecular events which include excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, acidotoxicity, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress and inflammation. These molecular events can lead to cell death and irreversible tissue injury (Ouyang and Giffard, 2012). There is no doubt that neurons have a vital role in the nervous system and so it is particularly important to protect them from insult and death in cerebral ischemia.
Stroke is the third most common cause of death worldwide and the major cause of adult neurological disability. It can be caused by a number of different disorders and results in temporary or permanent disruption of blood supply to the brain. Approximately 80% of stroke cases are due to primary cerebral ischemia resulting in infarction, whilst 20% are attributed to cerebral hemorrhage (Markus, 2012). When blood flow to the brain is interrupted, cells undergo a series of molecular events which include excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, acidotoxicity, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress and inflammation. These molecular events can lead to cell death and irreversible tissue injury (Ouyang and Giffard, 2012). There is no doubt that neurons have a vital role in the nervous system and so it is particularly important to protect them from insult and death in cerebral ischemia.
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