Prevention
The only possibly useful ways to reduce the spread of cold viruses are physical measures[44] such as hand washing and face masks; in the healthcare environment, gowns and disposable gloves are also used.[44] Isolation or quarantine, is not possible as the disease is so widespread and symptoms are non-specific. Vaccination has proved difficult as there are so many viruses involved and they mutate rapidly.[44] Creation of a broadly effective vaccine is thus highly improbable.[45]
Regular hand washing appears to be effective in reducing the transmission of cold viruses, especially among children.[46] Whether the addition of antivirals or antibacterials to normal hand washing provides greater benefit is unknown.[46] Wearing face masks when around people who are infected may be beneficial; however, there is insufficient evidence for maintaining a greater social distance.[46] Zinc supplements may help to reduce the prevalence of colds.[47] Routine vitamin C supplements do not reduce the risk or severity of the common cold, though they may reduce its duration.[48] Gargling with water was found useful in one small trial.[49]