ลูกค้าที่ขับเคลื่อนด้วยการผลิตซึ่งในกิจกรรมการผลิตจะถูกขับเคลื่อนโดยลูกค้าสั่งซื้อ, เป็นแนวคิดที่สำคัญสำหรับโรงงานของอนาคต (Wortmann et al., 1997) ซึ่งผลจากแนวคิดแนวโน้มของกระบวนการผลิตขนาดชุดเล็กและผลิตภัณฑ์ที่กำหนดเองที่ผ่านมาสิบปี ในกรณีที่รุนแรงของแนวโน้มเหล่านี้เป็นหนึ่งของชนิดการผลิตซึ่งในผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ได้รับคำสั่งจากลูกค้าเป็นผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ผลิตเพียงครั้งเดียว Customer driven manufacturing, in which
production activities are driven by customer
orders, is the key concept for the factory of
the future (Wortmann et al., 1997). This
concept results from the trends of
production processes of small batch sizes
and customised products over the past
decade. The extreme case of these trends is
one-of-a-kind production, in which a product
ordered by a customer is manufactured only
once. A more common scene for most
industrial production shops is the make-toorder
(MTO) production, in which a wide
variety of products with customers'
specification and design are made from a
combination of standard materials and
components. Although products ordered by
different customers would normally have
different specifications, the same product,
probably with varying batch sizes and due
dates, may be ordered by the same, or other,
customers. A common feature of MTO shops
is that production takes place only on
receipt of customer orders and the MTO
production is typically in an exclusively job
shop environment.
The majority of the job shops in practice
have process-oriented layouts, as opposed to
the cellular-oriented or continuous flow
layouts (Wisner and Siferd, 1995). The
advantage of process-oriented job shop
manufacturing is its ability to meet specific
requirements of customers, offering a highly
customised version of the products. To give
customers a responsive service and to ensure
a reliable delivery date for customer orders,
MTO production requires detailed, realistic,
and flexible operational plans, along with a
control mechanism for easy track of
production status of customer orders. Most
production planning systems reported in the
literature are developed for the needs of
make-to-stock (MTS) production. The
strategic planning issues of MTO production
are different from MTS production
(Marucheck and McClelland, 1986), and there
is a need to develop production planning
approaches designed specifically for MTO
production (Hendry and Kingsman, 1989;
Ong, 1997).
This paper presents a customer-focused
approach to effective planning of MTO
production for accommodating varying needs
of individual customer orders. The approach
is developed particularly for the jobbing
production environment where small orders
are placed by a wide variety of customers.
Each product ordered involves only minor
modifications to a basic product structure
and design, even if the product has a unique
design or specification. The key features of
the approach are presented in subsequent
sections to demonstrate how specific needs of
individual customer orders can be effectively
planned.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
