Instrument
The instrument used in this study was the RUDAS-Thai. The
original 6-item version of RUDAS was translated directly into
Thai language, and the content was validated by a professional
translator. The RUDAS-Thai was scored by a single rater.
Test–retest reliability of the RUDAS was assessed prior to the
main study by giving scores to the same participant from the
video recorder 1 week apart.