3.2 Pad dyeing technology.
From a sustainability perspective, padding based dyeing methodsfor cotton fabrics are the most preferred colouration pathway. Relative to exhaust dyeing, padding methods offer: Lowest liquor-to-fibre ratio in the dyebath, lower amounts of left-over dyebath solution, faster dye application, easier control on dye levelness on the fabric, and no electrolyte required for exhaustion. However, these methods are normally avoided on knitted fabrics and small lots due to certain limitations such as dimensional instability and higher pollution load.