A number of studies have investigated in training strategies for improving transfer, with little or mixed success. T.C. Brown (2005) examined goal setting at the end of training by comparing three conditions: setting distal goals, setting proximal plus distal goals, and telling participants to do their best. Contrary to expectations, participants instructed to do their best out-performed trainees told to set distal goals, and did as well as participants told to set proximal plus distal goals. In contrast, Richman Hirsch (2001) reported positive effects for a post training goal setting intervention, particularly in supportive work environments.