Discussion
This systematic review assessed whether modifying the built environment, for example, providing dedicated routes and paths for cycling, increased cycling in the general population.
The finding that 11 of the 21 studies identified environmental factors that had a positive association with cycling is encouraging. At the time of conducting this review, three previous systematic reviews have examined the relationship between environmental factors and physical activity.51–53 These reviews did not specifically assess impact on cycling, and they included a wide range of diverse interventions such as education to raise awareness of physical activity facilities, financial incentives and architectural alterations to encourage stair use.