2.1Reagents
Sodiumsulfate,ammoniumsulfateandmonosodium L-gluta-
matewereofanalyticalgradeandusedwithoutfurtherpurification.
TheNH4GAsolutionwasfedintothereactorinsteadofthereal
fermentationbrothpretreatedby filtration.BecauseNH4GAisnot
availablecommercially,theNH4GAsolutionwaspreparedbyadding
ammoniatoasolutionof L-GlutamicaciduntilthepHreached6.5.
2.2 Membranesandresins
The homogeneousanionexchangemembranes(AEMs)and
cation exchangemembranes(CEMs)usedinalloftheexperi-
mental setupswerepurchasedfromBeijingTingrunMembrane
TechnologyCo.Ltd.,China.Themacro-porousresinswerepur-
chased fromtheChemicalPlantofNankaiUniversity,China.