critical of the European failure to develop a model of enterprise which is compatible with the goals of economic and social inclusion of the EU. The purpose of this section is not to undermine or challenge, but rather to make two suggestions. One is that the current US model is not the only or even the best model of enterprise for every situation, for although it is culturally privileged, other forms exist and are necessary. This is tricky, because its mindset is dominance rather than co-existence. The other suggestion is that the US model itself must evolve if it is to survive the growing economic challenges from India and China. This is less difficult, because entrepreneurs who enact the model are quite capable of recognising the need for change when it serves their own interests.
Theoretically and practically, there is a need to move beyond the paradigm of entrepre- neurship defined by the United States and adopted as the mainstream by western economies. The US model is one that tends towards economic exclusivity and domination: Boeing, Microsoft and other multinational corporations embody this. European political leaders, for example in the UK, talk of an inclusive model of 'enterprise truly for all' and recognise the economic and social imperative of an inclusive model, but they are a long way from realising this. It is increasingly recognised in developing countries that the challenge of creating wealth, employment and greater social equality in these economies must come from an inclusive approach to enterprise. However we do not yet have an inclusive model for entrepreneurship, and a challenge and opportunity for researchers and practitioners is to learn from the practices of enterprises around the world and to develop new or adapted models of enterprise which can be used in different contexts.
Potentially, entrepreneurship is a popular force which opens up the prospect of business activity, independence and ownership to a wide range of the population, thereby under-pinning democratic participation in developing and post-socialist countries. However there is a need for plurality and inclusivity to be achieved through different types of enter¬prise being formed and supported. It is quite likely that the basis for inclusive models of entrepreneurship can be'found by studying, for example, such cases as the family-owned medium-sized businesses termed the mittelstand in Germany; the collaborative business networks in Emilio-Romagna; or the rural village enterprises and new production models in the wine-producing areas of South Africa. The practices of distributed ownership, collaborative resource use and production, and shared rewards within an economic and social ecology need to be understood and documented. This suggests an international approach, which leads to the next issue.