The defeat of the fascist powers in World War II ended most organized fascism; but since then, when established sets of people have felt their positions threatened by modern change—especially by new racial or ethnic claims, or by immigration of new groups into the country—echoes of fascism have often been heard. The American Nazi party and white power movements, and anti-immigrant movements in Europe, often involve a dramatic leader, violence, and a denial of modern change in ways that show
kinship with the old fascist movements.