The lowest rate of triploidy (20.40 ± 1.13%) was detected in 5 mM caffeine treatment at 25 °C for 20 min duration initiated 3 min after fertilization while the highest rate of triploidy (69.10 ± 2.18%) was observed in 15 mM caffeine treatment at 25 °C for 20 min duration initiated 3 min after fertilization (Table 1; Fig. 1).