Each participant engaged in a semi-structured interview. Participants were also asked to
provide newsletters, faculty memos, public documents pertaining to ethical principles and
leadership. Directed observation was limited to professional interactions of the participant
with the researcher, including demeanor and any evident display of professional ethics. Data
revealed an area that school administrators felt needed to be addressed more at the school
level and in higher education classes was the school or district’s policies and procedures for
cultural proficiency. Essentially, analysis considered how administrators worked to ensure
success for all students regardless of ethnicity and cultural subgroups.