In late July and early August, sunflowers began to flower, and when at least 75% of a given plot was in
bloom, the date was noted. During the season, bird netting was used to discourage birds from damaging
the developed sunflower seed heads. With this method, bird damage was kept to a minimum. Prior to
harvest, sunflower population, height and head width, as well as the incidence of lodging and bird
damage, was recorded. Bird damage was estimated using percent evaluations provided by North Dakota
State University Extension. Incidence of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) was noted at three
locations on the plant: on the sunflower head, along the stalk, and at the base.