Elevated pCO2 (,6000 matm) resulted in increased calcification
rates of the cuttlebone in adult S. officinalis. A more recent
experiment on cuttlefish embryos and juveniles also suggests that
cuttlebone calcification rates increase even under more moderate
levels of seawater pCO2 (,800 and ,1400 matm) [19]. As these
studies vary in species, life stage and pCO2 levels, it is still unclear
how calcification in cephalopods is affected by pCO2.