Freshly squeezed mango juice in glass boiling tubes (10.5 cm length, 2 cm inner diameter, 0.2 cm wall thick- ness) were pasteurized in a covered water bath (Memmert, Germany) with continuous shaking at 90 ± 1 ◦ C for 60 s (Nagy et al., 1993). Temperature of the juice at the centre of the tube was regularly monitored using a thermometer. After the juice samples reached the target temperature, the treatment time was measured. The temperature versus time curve of the juice during pasteurization is shown in Fig. 1. After thermal pasteur- ization, the juice samples were immediately cooled to room temperature (25 ± 1 ◦ C) by immersing in an ice-water bath.