Bacterial diseases are one of the major problems affecting production
Vibrio sp. are widespread in marine and estuarine environments and several pathogenic species are known to be commonly associated with outbreaks of vibrio infections due
to consumption of food and water contaminated with human feces or sewage, raw fish and sea food or with exposure of skin lesion such as cuts, open wounds.
Survival times of Vibrio sp. are dependent on factors such as osmotic pressure, salinity, temperature, pH, moisture content, salt and carbohydrate concentrations, and the presence of organic matter.