Use of wild seed to stock aquaculture ponds. Many aquaculture operations, especially extensive ponds, stock wild-caught rather than hatchery-reared finfish or shellfish post-larvae. Examples
include farming of milkfish in the Philippines and Indonesia, tuna in South Australia, shrimp in south Asia and parts of Latin America and eels in Europe and Japan. In these systems, aquaculture
is not a true alternative to wild harvests, but rather a means to raise wild fish to marketable size in captivity by lowering the high mortality rates characteristic of wild populations.
If bycatch rates are high, collecting seedstock for