Within the field of language learning, the typical model is the division made between
integrative and instrumental motivation (Gardner & Lambert, 1972). If a person learns a
language primarily for a purpose like getting a job or fulfilling an academic requirement,
s/he is affected by instrumental motivation. In other words, instrumental motivation
refers to the motivation to acquire a language as means of achieving goals such as
promoting a career or job or reading technical texts while integrative motivation has to do
with wanting to be accepted by another community. Integrative motivation means
integrating oneself within a culture to become a part of that society. Gardner and
MacIntyre (1993) have referred to these two types of motivation as motivation
orientations and mentioned that depending on learner's orientation (either
career/academic-related 'instrumental" or socially/culturally-related "integrative")
different needs must be fulfilled in Foreign Language Teaching (FLT).