Data: these are the facts that those involved in the argument appeal to in support of their claim.
Claim: this is the conclusion whose merits are to be established.
Warrants: these are the reasons (rules, principles, etc.) that are proposed to justify the connections between the data and the knowledge claim, or conclusion.
Backing: these are the basic assumptions, usually taken to be commonly agreed that provide the justification for particular warrants….
Qualifiers: these specify the conditions under which the claim can be taken as true; they represent limitations on the claim.
Rebuttals: these specify the conditions when the claim will not be true. (Driver, Newton, & Osborne, 2000, p. 293)