The T. ferdinandiana methanolic (Fig. 3a) and aqueous extract (Fig. 3b) positive ion base peak chromatogram revealed multiple overlapping peaks, particularly in the early stages of the chromatogram corresponding to the elution of polar compounds. Most of the extracted compounds had eluted in the first 10 min, corresponding to 5–25 % acetonitrile. Indeed, much of the peaks eluted in the first 5 min during the isocratic stage of the chromatogram (5 % acetonitrile). However, the presence of several prominent peaks between 10 and 16 min indicates the broad spread of polarities of the compounds in this extract. The ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane extracts are characterised by much fewer peaks than evident in the methanolic and aqueous extracts and a shift towards elution at high acetonitrile percentages. In particular, a prominent peak is present in the ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane extracts (as well as the methanolic extract) at approximately 15.5–16 min.