Fifth, E-S-QUAL and E-RecS-QUAL are generic and parsimonious scales, intended for obtaining a global (as opposed to transaction-specific) assessment of a Web site’s service quality. Online companies can best use the scales in tandem (with the latter being administered only to customers who have had problems or questions) to track over time—and across competing Web sites—customers’ overall e-SQ perceptions. Trends in the dimensional- and attribute-level ratings from such tracking studies will help identify Web sites’ strengths and weaknesses and suggest ideas for improvement. Such tracking studies may have to be supplemented with more specific studies when nec- essary (e.g., to pinpoint the reasons for deficiencies on a particular dimension or perceptual attribute, to evaluate customer reactions to a new Web site feature, etc.). Com- panies can also enhance the diagnostic value of the per- ceptual ratings from the two scales by comparing those ratings with customers’ minimum- and desired-service levels (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry 1994a). The minimum- and desired-service levels can be obtained by periodically incorporating into the tracking studies two additional ratings for each perceptual attribute (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry 1994a).