difference is statistically significant (
0.07, p 0.10). As depicted in Fig. 3, those who lacked financial education in college are able to narrow the gap with those who had financial education with respect to financial knowledge scores if their parents’ have financial expe- rience. For example, without parents’ financial experience, having financial education is predicted to exhibit 0.30 (1.8 1.5) increase in financial knowledge score, but the difference is only 0.19 (1.76 1.57) when parents of young adults have financial experience. These findings support Hypothesis 3b.
4.4. Reverse causality issue
Our measure on financial education in college (college major) could subject the impact of financial education to a selection bias. A bias would arise if youth who are more financially knowledgeable are more likely to choose finance-related majors. Therefore, the positive relationship between college major in finance-related subjects and financial knowledge does not necessarily indicate that financial education in college improves financial knowledge. To mitigate the bias, we used college major data before 2007 when financial knowledge questions were asked in the baseline analysis in previous sections. That is, the students chose their majors before their financial knowledge were evaluated. This way we could reduce the possibility that financial knowledge affects college major choice. In addition, we test for the possibility that it is because financial knowledge affects college major choice that we found a positive relationship between them in Tables 3 and 4. Specifically, we follow Bernheim, Garrett, and Maki (2001) and create a new variable “financial education after 2007,” which uses college major data after the financial knowledge questions were asked in
ความแตกต่างทางสถิติ significant (0.07, p 0.10) ตามที่แสดงใน Fig. 3 ผู้ขาด financial ศึกษาในวิทยาลัยจะแคบช่องว่างกับคนมีการศึกษา financial กับ financial ความรู้คะแนนถ้าปกครอง financial expe-rience ตัวอย่าง ไม่ มีประสบการณ์พ่อแม่ financial มี financial การศึกษาคาดว่า จะแสดง 0.30 (1.8 1.5) เพิ่มคะแนนความรู้ financial แต่ข้อแตกต่างคือ 0.19 (1.76 1.57) เมื่อพ่อแม่ของผู้ใหญ่มีประสบการณ์ financial findings เหล่านี้สนับสนุนสมมติฐาน 3b4.4 การย้อนประเด็น causalityOur measure on financial education in college (college major) could subject the impact of financial education to a selection bias. A bias would arise if youth who are more financially knowledgeable are more likely to choose finance-related majors. Therefore, the positive relationship between college major in finance-related subjects and financial knowledge does not necessarily indicate that financial education in college improves financial knowledge. To mitigate the bias, we used college major data before 2007 when financial knowledge questions were asked in the baseline analysis in previous sections. That is, the students chose their majors before their financial knowledge were evaluated. This way we could reduce the possibility that financial knowledge affects college major choice. In addition, we test for the possibility that it is because financial knowledge affects college major choice that we found a positive relationship between them in Tables 3 and 4. Specifically, we follow Bernheim, Garrett, and Maki (2001) and create a new variable “financial education after 2007,” which uses college major data after the financial knowledge questions were asked in
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