Introduction
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause various types of intracranial pathologies. It may lead to contusion, haemorrhage or diffuse axonal injury (including brain swelling). The presence of structural damage indicates poorer outcome compared with a normal computed tomography (CT) image. There are several traditional terms such as intracranial haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), epidural haemorrhage (EDH), subdural haemorrhage (SDH) or brain swelling to describe the structural brain damage.