(A) Scanning electron microscopy of ITO nanofibers immobilized with SnCl4. (B) Cyclic voltamperograms of 5 mM dimethanolferrocene with (a, black) regular flat ITO electrode, and with electrospun nanofibers at 10 kV for (b, red) 5 and (c, blue) 20 min. All these fibers were thermally treated at 1000 °C under nitrogen before analysis. Electrolyte was 0.1 M KCl in water and scan rate was 50 mV s−1. Electrode area was equal to 12.6 mm2. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)