Since SMEs are so important for the Thai economy, it is important to increase their resilience. One of the ways to increase their resilience is to provide them with stable finance. SME credit, which amounted to 32.8% of total commercial bank loans in 2012, is still small in scale. Conversely, the ratio of non-performing loans (NPLs) remains high in SME lending, at 3.4% compared with a gross NPL rate of 2.2% in Q2 2013. While the strong appetite of SMEs for growth has shifted bank lending attitudes from large lot transactions with large firms to retail financing and portfolio guarantee schemes and helped the trend of SME credit in Thailand, the lack of collateral is still a critical barrier for Thai SMEs in raising business funds (ADB 2014).