For bacterial growth, a lawn of culture was prepared by spreading the 100 ml fresh culture having 106 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml of each test organism on nutrient agar plates with the help of a sterile L-rod spreader. Plates were left standing for
10 min to let the culture get absorbed. Then 8 mm wells were punched into the nutrient agar plates for testing nanoparticles antimicrobial activity.