Knowledge accumulation and application have become major factors in economic
development and are increasingly at the core of national competitive advantage in the
knowledge economy (OECD 2008). The role of tertiary education in the construction of
knowledge economies is crucial. Many developing countries, however, continue to wrestle
with challenges relating to: expanding education coverage in a sustainable way; inequalities
of access and outcomes; educational quality and relevance; and inflexible governance
structures and management practices.