The bioconversion of lignocellulose into ethanol involves
numerous processes such as pretreatment for softening the hard
structure of lignocellulose, enzymatic digestion of pretreated
lignocellulose, and ethanol fermentation from sugars derived from
lignocelluloses (3e5). Since these complicated processes increase
the production cost of bioethanol, more cost-effective technologies
are sought. Potential strategies include the use of wild yeast capable
of fermenting ethanol from hexoses (glucose, mannose, and/or
galactose) and pentoses (xylose and/or arabinose) (6), tolerant
yeast capable of fermenting ethanol under severe conditions with
no microbial contamination, thermo-tolerant yeast capable of fermenting
ethanol at relatively high temperatures (around 40C) (7),
simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) (8), and
economically viable or reusable medium.