However, there is a perception that genes introduced from outside the range of sexual compatibility might present new risks to the environment and humans. However, these apprehensions are not supported by data. Herbicide tolerance is available in many species, but it is more cost effective to introduce this trait through genetic transformation. A study conducted by the National Academy of Sciences, USA [98],has concluded that: (i) there is no evidence of hazards associated with DNA techniques, (ii) the risks, if any, are similar to those with conventional breeding techniques, (iii) the risks involved are related to the nature of the organism rather than the process, and (iv) there is a need for a planned introduction of the modified organisms into the environment.