The thixotropy of each sample was given by the RheoWin software 2.67, as the area between the downward and upward curves of shear rate, and represents the ability of the gruels to recover the former structure during the decreasing of γ′; so, the higher the area of thixotropic loop, the higher the structure recovery (Joly & Mehrabian, 1976). The thixotropy loop is expressed in Pa·s−1.