Result
Orchard productivity
Crop yields and tree growth. On the basis
of fruit weight per hectare, fruit weight per
TCSA, and fruit number per TCSA, the CON
system yielded the most apples in 2002, fol-
lowed by the INT, then the ORG systems
differences were seen among farming systems
in percent change in TCSA during the 2-year
study, and so by the end of 2003 CON trees
were still larger than ORG trees (Table 2).
The ORG system had the largest average fruit
weight in 2002 and the smallest average fruit
weight in 2003 (Table 2).
Color grade, weight distribution, and cul-
lage analyses. Despite differences in average
fruit weight in 2002, no differences existed
among farming systems in fruit weight distri-
butions (Peck, 2004). Nevertheless, ORG fruit
were skewed toward smaller weight classes
( 160 g) in 2003, with less ORG fruit in the
middle and larger classes ( 161 g) (Peck,
2004). There were no treatment differences
for color grade in either year, with >85%
of apples in the highest color grade ( 66%
red blush). ORG fruit had signi cantly more
codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) damage in
2002, but no differences occurred for overall
pest damage (which includes codling moth),
because the western ower thrip (Frankliniella
occidentalis Pergande) caused more damage
to CON and INT fruit (Peck, 2004). Although
there were no differences in overall percent
unmarketable fruit in 2003 (Table 2) and
despite identical insecticide applications in
the ORG and INT systems, there were more
apples damaged by insects other than codling
moth in the ORG system than in the CON or
INT systems (Peck, 2004).
ResultOrchard productivityCrop yields and tree growth. On the basis of fruit weight per hectare, fruit weight per TCSA, and fruit number per TCSA, the CON system yielded the most apples in 2002, fol-lowed by the INT, then the ORG systems differences were seen among farming systems in percent change in TCSA during the 2-year study, and so by the end of 2003 CON trees were still larger than ORG trees (Table 2). The ORG system had the largest average fruit weight in 2002 and the smallest average fruit weight in 2003 (Table 2).Color grade, weight distribution, and cul-lage analyses. Despite differences in average fruit weight in 2002, no differences existed among farming systems in fruit weight distri-butions (Peck, 2004). Nevertheless, ORG fruit were skewed toward smaller weight classes ( 160 g) in 2003, with less ORG fruit in the middle and larger classes ( 161 g) (Peck, 2004). There were no treatment differences for color grade in either year, with >85% of apples in the highest color grade ( 66% red blush). ORG fruit had signi cantly more codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) damage in 2002, but no differences occurred for overall pest damage (which includes codling moth), because the western ower thrip (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) caused more damage to CON and INT fruit (Peck, 2004). Although there were no differences in overall percent unmarketable fruit in 2003 (Table 2) and despite identical insecticide applications in the ORG and INT systems, there were more apples damaged by insects other than codling moth in the ORG system than in the CON or INT systems (Peck, 2004).
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