Scaling is commonly characterized by the appearance of an
adherent mineral surface deposit (spot) usually composed of calcium
carbonate – CaCO3 (Ghizellaouni et al., 2007). In this work,
average calcium ions concentrations reached about 14 mg L−1,
yielding almost 35 mg CaCO3 L−1. According to Metcalf and Eddy
(2006), scaling occurrence would begin at an equivalent concentration
of 100 mg CaCO3 L−1.