Firstly, a negative control sample (no DNA) was amplified through 35 thermocycles, and the PMT showed voltage increase of 0.0260.02 V between the 1st thermocycle and 35th thermocycle.The experiment was repeated five times. The voltage sum of the average and the standard deviation (0.04 V) from this negative control was considered as a threshold line to determine the presence of amplified DNA for all future tests. Subsequently, ten PCR tests with FOL genomic DNA (300 ng/sample) were conducted. Increases in PMT output voltage (0.1360.2 V) of more than the threshold voltage were obtained from all ten tests, indicating that the portable real-time microchip PCR system successfully amplified and detected the target DNA consistently. The Fv genomic DNA (300 ng/sample) was tested seven times with 100% success rate, showing average increase in PMT output
of 0.3260.13 V. The Pss B728a DNA (75 ng/sample) was tested
ten times and also showed 100% success rate through the PMT
output increase (0.160.08 V). After these test results, we
continued with P.s. tabaci ATCC 11528 (115 ng/sample), Pst
DC3000 (166 ng/sample), and B. glumae (300 ng/sample and
150 ng/sample), each with four repetitions. All tests showed 100%
success rate