The toner is transferred to the substrate in a manner similar to electrophotographic printing. Units are sold by Nipson printing systems. Ionographic Can be thought of as a major simplification of electrophotographic process. The image carrier, called a dielectric cylinder, is charged with an ion beam which is controlled by a series of electrodes. Employs Aluminum oxide as the cylinder. Has not been applied to color as yet. Are able to sustain high throughputs. Process was developed by Dennison Manufacturing and is known as Delphax. The EBI process by Digital Print is an improved ion-deposition digital printing system. Speeds up to 225 fpm at resolutions up to 300 dpi can be obtained.