2.2.4. Mathematics achievement
Mathematics achievement was measured using the Tests of Achievement
(WJ-R ACH) from the WJ-R (Woodcock & Johnson, 1989). Students'
scores were derived from the Applied Problems subtest, which
measures skills in analyzing and solving mathematics problems across
60 items. This subtest taps a variety of mathematics content and applications,
including numeric relations, geometry, money, and time. The
problems were orally presented but solved using paper and a pencil.
To solve the problem, children had to determine the appropriate
problem-solving procedure and then perform the basic calculations
necessary to execute that procedure. The test was terminated once the
child reached the ceiling of 6 consecutive incorrect responses. Scoring
was based on basal and ceiling levels, with 1 point given for every correct
answer. The SECCYD instrument documentation reported high internal
consistency (Cronbach's α = .83), based on scores measured at
grade 1.