the links between adventure tourism and climate change can be classified into a small set of logically distinct topics, as follows. The first topic includes the contributions of adventure tourism to climate change and ways to reduce these contributions. Topics such as carbon footprints, energy efficiencies, radiative forcing,and offset schemes fall under this general heading, as do proposals for carbon trading and for fuel, flight, or passenger taxes. These are largely the same as for any other subsector of the tourism industry.
The second topic relates to travel costs and consequences for travel patterns. Topics under this general heading include, e.g. mechanisms by which possible measures to mitigate climate change may modify travel costs; the scale of such changes relative to other factors affecting travel costs; the significance of travel costs; relative to traveller wealth and other factors, in influencing individual travel decisions; substitutabilities between different adventure activities, between different destinations, and between time and cash, for different tourists; and the net consequences for the global geography of travel and tourism. it travel patterns are influenced by individual concerns or social pressures related to climate change, these factors could also be considered under this heading.
The third issue is that climates are changing at home as well as in holiday destinations. Many adventure tourists travel annually to escape seasonal periods at home which provide poor opportunities for adventure recreation.if high-latitude winters become less severe, but low-latitude summers more so, travel patterns may change accordingly. From the perspective of the individual adventure tourist, what matters are differences in weather between home and holiday destination. From the perspective of the commercial adventure tourism industry, however, there is a distinction between push factors at points of origin and pull factors at tourism destinations.
the fourth area of concern involves changes in the attractiveness, safety, and comfort of different adventure tourist destinations, to tourists of different origins and characteristics. Different natural environments and human societies will be affected by and respond to climate change in a wide variety of different ways, and these effects and responses will modify each region's attractiveness as an adventure tourism destination. Responses by the commercial adventure tourism industry may be designed specifically to maintain or increase market share, but the industry operates within a broader context of responses made by resident communities independent of tourism interests.
This is a functional classification from a tourism industry perspective. Each of these four headings may involve a number of different economic, environmental, and engineering components. This chapter focuses on the fourth issue,impacts and responses at adventure tourist destinations.
A useful distinction may be drawn between: changes to climatic means; climatic variability; and artificial climates. At the crudest level, climate
the links between adventure tourism and climate change can be classified into a small set of logically distinct topics, as follows. The first topic includes the contributions of adventure tourism to climate change and ways to reduce these contributions. Topics such as carbon footprints, energy efficiencies, radiative forcing,and offset schemes fall under this general heading, as do proposals for carbon trading and for fuel, flight, or passenger taxes. These are largely the same as for any other subsector of the tourism industry.
The second topic relates to travel costs and consequences for travel patterns. Topics under this general heading include, e.g. mechanisms by which possible measures to mitigate climate change may modify travel costs; the scale of such changes relative to other factors affecting travel costs; the significance of travel costs; relative to traveller wealth and other factors, in influencing individual travel decisions; substitutabilities between different adventure activities, between different destinations, and between time and cash, for different tourists; and the net consequences for the global geography of travel and tourism. it travel patterns are influenced by individual concerns or social pressures related to climate change, these factors could also be considered under this heading.
The third issue is that climates are changing at home as well as in holiday destinations. Many adventure tourists travel annually to escape seasonal periods at home which provide poor opportunities for adventure recreation.if high-latitude winters become less severe, but low-latitude summers more so, travel patterns may change accordingly. From the perspective of the individual adventure tourist, what matters are differences in weather between home and holiday destination. From the perspective of the commercial adventure tourism industry, however, there is a distinction between push factors at points of origin and pull factors at tourism destinations.
the fourth area of concern involves changes in the attractiveness, safety, and comfort of different adventure tourist destinations, to tourists of different origins and characteristics. Different natural environments and human societies will be affected by and respond to climate change in a wide variety of different ways, and these effects and responses will modify each region's attractiveness as an adventure tourism destination. Responses by the commercial adventure tourism industry may be designed specifically to maintain or increase market share, but the industry operates within a broader context of responses made by resident communities independent of tourism interests.
This is a functional classification from a tourism industry perspective. Each of these four headings may involve a number of different economic, environmental, and engineering components. This chapter focuses on the fourth issue,impacts and responses at adventure tourist destinations.
A useful distinction may be drawn between: changes to climatic means; climatic variability; and artificial climates. At the crudest level, climate
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