Carbohydrate
Because carbohydrate is the nutrient that most affects postprandial glucose and is the major determinant of premeal insulin doses, it is addressed first. There is strong evidence to suggest that total amount of carbohydrate is more important than the source or the type of carbohydrate. The ingestion of a variety of starches or sucrose, both acutely and for up to six weeks, was shown to produce no significant differences in glycaemic response if the total amount of carbohydrate is similar.All patients can beneifit from basic information about carbohydrates—what foods contain carbohydrates (starches,fruit, starchy vegetables, milk, sweets), average 15 g portion sizes, and how many servings to select for meals (and snacks if desired).