The Pearson correlation between company size (Size) and audit fees (Audit Fees) is 0.74, which is consistent with the expectation that larger companies tend to pay higher audit fees. In addition, we find that all three measures of managerial overconfidence are negatively correlated with City Leader, indicating that companies with overconfident managers are less likely to use a specialist auditor. Consistent with our three measures of managerial overconfidence picking up the same construct, we find that all three measures are positively correlated with each other. We also find that City Leader is positively correlated with Audit Fees, consistent with specialist auditors charging a fee premium. We recommend caution in interpreting the negative correlation between managerial overconfidence and audit fees as the univariate correlations do not control for audit risks, managerial incentives for risk taking, and other company specific risk factors.