Administer supplemental oxygen by mask to patients who have respiratory complaints or CNS symptoms. Treat patients who have bronchospasm with aerosolized bronchodilators. Use these and all catecholamines at the lowest efficacious doses because vinyl chloride might increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmia by lowering the myocardial threshold to the effects of epinephrine. Also consider the health of the myocardium before choosing which type of bronchodilator should be administered.
Consider racemic epinephrine aerosol for children who develop stridor. Dose 0.25–0.75 mL of 2.25% racemic epinephrine solution in 2.5 cc water, repeat every 20 minutes as needed, cautioning for myocardial variability.