Briefly, an aliquot (200 mL) of extract solutions and calibration
solutions of gallic acid (70, 140, 210, 350 and 700 mg/L) was
added to a 25 volumetric flask containing 15.8 mL of ddH2O. A
reagent blank using ddH2O was prepared. One mL of Folin & Ciocalteu’s
phenol reagent was added to the mixture and shaken. After
5 min, 3 mL of Na2CO3 solution (7 g/100 mL) was added and the
mixture kept at 20 _C for 2 h in the dark. The absorbance versus
prepared blank was read at 765 nm. Total phenolic contents of
extracts were expressed as mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/10 g
raw pumpkin pulp.