Through an analysis of the relationship between human resource management (HRM) systems and
strategy types, predictions are made about a simultaneous horizontal and vertical fit. In a conceptual
model for strategic HRM the key argument is, that the fit between firm strategy and HRM strategy
is determined by (matching hypothesis) task characteristics of the strategy type and internally,
consistent HRM practices. This chapter discusses design considerations within SHRM and delimits
the domain of SHRM. The “one best way” versus “the many best ways” is systematically reviewed.