PVA gel is made up of polyvinyl alcohol. For experimental purpose PVA gel was provided by SBS Enviro Concepts Navi
Mumbai. The PVA-gel beads used as the biomass carriers consisted of 4-mm diameter spheres with a solids content of
about 10% and specific gravity of 1.025 (Kuraray Co., Osaka, Japan). Each bead has a diameter of 4mm.It has a specific
gravity of 1.025±0.01. It has a network of minute pores about 20 microns in diameter. Each bead can hold up to 1 billion
microorganisms. Other features of PVA Gel include Extensive Porosity, Oxygen Permeability. Water-insoluble, Fluidity
in water, Non Bio-Degradable & also PVA gel has no effect on Temperature, Acid & Bases.