The design of safe and economic grounding system is
accomplished by minimization of the cost function (also called
objective function) based on the optimum choice of cost
function parameters such as number and diameter of both
conductors and rods, grounding system burring depth, space
between conductors, … [3]. In such optimum grounding
system, the step and touch voltages at any point of the
installation should not exceed the security restrictions required
by the ANSI/IEEE Std. 80-2000 (i.e., maximum allowable values) [4].