The tenacity of primordialist thesis reminds us that such thinking is very much with us, and in one or other form the primordialist hypothesis underwrites otherwise different theories of nationalism. In spite of the heavy inroads of historical and historicizing critiques of the primordialist thesis, it frequently reappears in both popular and academic thinking about nationalism. It is nowhere more apparent than in recent popular and media opinion about Eastern Europe, in which it is assumed that the ethnocide and terror of Bosnia-Herzegovina is part of a long history of primordial ethnic conflict only briefly interrupted by communist rule. Weak and unscholarly as this thesis is, it is particularly weak on the issue of territory as part of what nationalism is about.