Nowadays the concept of development encompasses a set of elements comprised in more than one of the above-mentioned
qualifications. UNDP (2010)11for instance, provides an aggregate concept of human development on the basis of three criteria: (i) “Long and healthy life”, (ii) “knowledge” and (iii) “A decent standard of living”, respectively measured by life expectancy at birth, mean years and expected years of schooling and gross national income per capita
at purchasing parity. The associated Human Development Index (HDI) is then adjusted
on the basis of (iv) the inequality in the distribution of the specific features within
countries, assuming that the unequal distribution of wealth is an undesirable feature of
the development processes.